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ADHD Medication in the UK Medications for ADHD aid in reducing symptoms by increasing the activity of certain regions of the brain. They also increase the production of neurotransmitters which are absent in people suffering from ADHD. Stimulant medicines are the most frequently prescribed medication for adult ADHD in the UK. They help by increasing brain activity in areas that are involved in the regulation of impulses and attention. Stimulants There are two types of medication licensed for use in the UK to treat adult ADHD stimulants and non-stimulant medications. Stimulants are usually considered the first option because they increase activity in the regions of the brain that help control attention and behavior. They include methylphenidate, known as Ritalin, and Lisdexamfetamine. They can be administered several times a day in a tablet that acts as a short-acting one or taken daily in a long-acting tablet which is released into the bloodstream over the course of a single day. At first the dosage of the medication might need to be adjusted and monitored (titrated), to find the dose that is effective for you. Stimulants are widely used as medical and recreational drugs. During the 1930s amphetamines were frequently used by truck drivers, students and sportspeople for their energy boosters. Amphetamines can be dangerous and be misused. They are abused as they make people feel fantastic and can stimulate the mind in ways that can lead them to addiction. The most frequently reported side-effects of stimulants are loss of appetite, difficulty sleeping and issues with the digestive system or stomach. Modifications in the dosage or timing of the medication often reduce these problems. The majority of adults are tolerant. However, children can have more severe side-effects such as anxiety, weight loss and crankiness. Non-stimulant ADHD medications work differently than stimulants and can take some time before they begin to show results. Clonidine and guanfacine (brand names Catapres and Intuniv) are both alpha agonists which work by stimulating certain receptors in the brain to improve concentration, reduce the impulsivity and hyperactivity, and reduce behavioural issues such as aggression and tics. They can be used as a supplement to ADHD stimulant medication or taken alone by children aged between 6 and 17. Atomoxetine also referred to as Strattera, is a non-stimulant medicine that enhances the ability to control impulses and concentration by increasing the levels noradrenaline in the brain. It can be prescribed as its own, but is usually used in conjunction with guanfacine for children. These drugs don't have the same negative side effects as stimulants but can cause headaches and difficulty sleeping. Atomoxetine Although stimulant drugs like Ritalin and Adderall are generally suggested for children with ADHD Some children don't respond to these medications. For these kids, medication options called nonstimulants can be used. They boost the communication between brain regions, nerves and brain regions. This helps kids control their impulsivity and improve their concentration. Nonstimulant ADHD medications use different active ingredients than stimulants. They also don't contain the potential for abuse and aren't controlled substances. Atomoxetine is also known as Strattera is a non-stimulant drug that can be used to treat ADHD in children, adults and teens. It's an antidepressant, which has been proven to lessen the symptoms of ADHD by increasing the amount of a chemical in the brain that is known as noradrenaline. Noradrenaline is a chemical that transmits messages between brain cells. It's also involved in impulsivity, motivation and attention. Due to its unique mechanism of action, atomoxetine doesn't suffer from the same adverse effects as other antidepressants like Wellbutrin and Effexor. It is available to children as young as 5 years old. It is taken once or twice a day in tablet form. Iam Psychiatry offers a stable, 24 hour control over ADHD symptoms. It may reduce problems at night when stimulants have worn off. The FDA has also approved guanfacine XR as well as clonidine XR, both of which are also available as non-stimulant ADHD medications. They are typically prescribed to kids who haven't responded to stimulant medications or have issues with their side effects. They can be administered by themselves or in combination with stimulants, such as Adderall XR (amphetamine salts) to provide a more effective treatment of ADHD. If you or your child are being treated with an non-stimulant ADHD medication, ensure you follow your GP's instructions carefully. They may suggest starting with a low dose and gradually increasing the dosage over time. They'll also want know about any other medications your child or you are taking, so they can check there aren't any interactions. You'll need to go for regular appointments and let your GP be aware of any concerns or reactions from the medication. They may change the dosage or suggest alternative treatments, such as talk therapy. Unlicensed Medication The treatment for ADHD in adults is a range of stimulant and non-stimulant medications. The psychiatric physician can also prescribe medications that are off label (these are drugs which are approved for a different condition but have emerging evidence for effectiveness in adult ADHD). These are usually antidepressants, such as bupropion and Venflaxine. They have been shown to provide some benefit in the condition, and are well tolerated in smaller doses. Unlicensed medicines can be prescribed to a patient if there is a real clinical need that can't be satisfied by a licensed medicine. This includes patients whose usual medication is temporarily unavailable because of supply disruptions or disruptions in supply, or patients who require the use of a liquid version of an approved capsule or tablet for reasons such as intolerance or allergy. Unlicensed medicines can be called “specials”. This term is also used to describe medicines that are “off-label” or have been prepared or provided in a manner not covered by the license. They could include crushing tablets to make them easier to swallow or adding a liquid to an approved capsule or tablet to form a mixture to be administered by injection or using a syringe pump in order to inject medication subcutaneously (under the skin). Healthcare professionals generally utilize unlicensed medicines as a last option and when they believe there is no alternative that is licensed. They will carefully evaluate several options to meet the unique requirements of every patient. They will also regularly review the results of treatment, taking into account both clinical experience and the latest licensed treatments. It is essential that any unlicensed medication used to treat a person is safe and efficient. The reason for prescribing the medicine must be documented in the patient's medical record. If a patient experiences adverse reactions from an off-label treatment they should be reported via the MHRA's Yellow Card scheme. The information provided will be used to amend the medicine's MHRA marketing authorisation and so to ensure that any future prescriptions of the drug are safe and effective. Talk Therapy A therapist who works with you to help you understand your symptoms and find ways to manage. They can also offer you guidance and assistance on how to alter your way of thinking and acting to feel more positive. It is vital to complete the recommended number of sessions as this will help you feel better. Medications help to reduce the symptoms of ADHD by increasing the number of neurotransmitters in your brain. These are substances that allow your neurons to transmit messages, and assist you in focusing your mind and avoid distractions. There are two kinds of drugs used to treat ADHD which are stimulants and non-stimulants. They all increase the amount of neurotransmitters in your brain. There are a variety of medications licensed in the UK to treat ADHD. The most commonly used is methylphenidate, available in immediate-release tablets (small doses taken 2 to 3 times a day) and modified-release tablets (taken every day, but released throughout the day). These medications aren't an effective treatment for ADHD but they can help to control and focus on the impulsive behavior. They are generally well tolerated however, your doctor will closely monitor your progress to ensure you receive the correct dosage and don't experience any adverse negative effects. It could take a few weeks before the medication reaches its ideal level. You may also need to titrate (change your dose on a regular basis) to find out what works best. Non-stimulant medications like atomoxetine (available only by prescription) can be more efficient and have less of a chance of addiction than stimulants. They are more effective, but not as well tolerated. Some people may experience problems with memory, appetite, or sleep. Your specialist will monitor your progress and determine whether or not you should continue taking atomoxetine or change to another treatment. People suffering from ADHD are unable to find permanent solutions through therapy or medication. However, they can improve your ability to cope with your symptoms and live an enjoyable life. Combining medication with regular therapy sessions will allow you to get the most benefit from your treatment. You'll learn strategies for coping and recognize unhelpful patterns of behavior and thinking. For certain people, their improved mood and confidence can even persist beyond the conclusion of their treatment.